在整个比赛季节探索精英足球运动员的战术行为和心理组成部分的整体训练计划:试点研究
Juan M Tassi1, Hadi Nobari2,3, Jesús Diaz García1
1Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|January 23, 2024
概括
精英足球运动员在为期五周的训练计划中整合了心理因素后,表现出更好的战术行为. 这种整体的方法增强了比赛原则,在U21和U23队的战术行动和决策方面取得了重大进展.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
- 体育心理学 体育心理学
背景情况:
- 精英足球的表现依赖于复杂的战术行为和心理准备.
- 传统的训练往往将战术和心理技能发展分开.
- 生态/整体的方法可以提供一个更完整,更有效的培训模式.
研究的目的:
- 评估综合训练计划对U21和U23足球运动员的战术行为和心理方面的影响.
- 评估将心理因素纳入战术训练任务的有效性.
- 为了分析干预后的特定游戏原则 (PP) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 准实验性设计,使用46名精英足球运动员 (U21和U23).
- 这是一项为期五周的干预,使用综合训练任务,将战术组件与心理因素相结合.
- 干预前后评估战术行为和游戏原则.
主要成果:
- 在U21和U23队干预后,观察到战术行为和比赛原则的显著改善.
- 在PP3 (第一个前传选项) 和PP4 (在失去球时立即施加压力) 中注意到了特定的增加.
- 显著的分组时间交互表明,增强的战术行动和决策归因于培训计划.
结论:
- 将战术元素与心理方面结合在一起的综合训练策略可以有效地提高精英足球运动员的战术行为.
- 整体方法对关键游戏原则产生了显著的积极影响,这表明它对球员发展的价值.
- 这种训练方法有望通过促进更具适应性和有效的战术执行来提高竞争绩效.
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