超越PD(L) - 1阻塞在微卫星不稳定的癌症:目前的免疫共抑制受体向的景观
Edoardo Crimini1,2, Luca Boscolo Bielo1,2, Pier Paolo Maria Berton Giachetti1,2
1Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Cancers
|January 23, 2024
概括
在结直肠和子宫内膜类型中常见的高微卫星不稳定性 (MSI-H) 癌症,在新的免疫检查点抑制剂组合中表现有前途. 需要进一步的研究来确定个性化MSI-H癌症治疗策略的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 高微卫星不稳定性 (MSI-H) 是由于缺陷的DNA不匹配修复造成的,导致基因组超变性.
- 大肠直肠癌 (CRC) 和子宫内膜癌 (EC) 经常是MSI-H.
- 虽然抗PD(L) -1疗法在某些MSI-H癌症中是有效的,但很大一部分患者没有反应,需要替代治疗.
研究的目的:
- 对MSI-H癌症的新兴免疫治疗策略和组合疗法进行审查.
- 突出目前治疗方法的局限性和需要新的方法.
- 讨论正在进行的各种免疫检查点抑制剂和其他针对MSI-H恶性瘤的免疫疗法的研究.
主要方法:
- 对MSI-H癌症的免疫疗法进行临床试验数据和科学文献的审查.
- 针对PD(L) -1,CTLA-4,TIM-3,LAG-3,TIGIT,BTLA,ICOS和IDO的已批准和正在研究的免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的分析1.
- 探索非ICI免疫治疗策略,包括疫苗,瘤病毒和激动剂.
主要成果:
- 抗PD(L) -1抗体在MSI-H癌症中表现出异性疗效,但反应率各不相同.
- 与尼沃卢马布联合使用的ipilimumab (抗CTLA4) 已被批准用于MSI-H CRC.
- 反TIM-3抗体LY3321367在未接受过治疗的MSI-H患者中显示出抗PDL-1的临床活性. 其他ICI的临床试验正在进行中.
- 针对MSI-H癌症,正在研究各种新型免疫疗法.
结论:
- 涉及ICI和新策略的组合疗法有可能改变MSI-H癌症治疗.
- 进一步的研究对于开发可靠的免疫生物标志物对于MSI-H患者个性化治疗决策至关重要.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
527
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
527
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.6K


