在国家暴力死亡报告系统叙述中识别目击者自杀
Vickie M Mays1,2,3, Mikaela Gareeb3, Xingruo Zhang4
1Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 23, 2024
概括
亲眼目睹的自杀,虽然很少发生,但不成比例地影响年轻男性和性少数群体,经常通过枪支在家中发生. 了解这些模式是为那些暴露于此类创伤事件的人制定支持策略的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 其他人目睹的自杀会造成严重的心理痛苦.
- 了解目击自杀的特征对于开发有针对性的干预和支持系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种可靠的方法来识别目击者自杀.
- 为了比较目击者与非目击者自杀的人口,社会和环境特征.
- 为见证自杀的潜在风险减轻策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 开发并验证了一个编码方案,以从国家暴力死亡报告系统 (NVDRS) 数据 (2003-2017) 中识别目击自杀.
- 分析了1200个自杀描述的样本,确定了125个 (约10%) 作为目击者.
- 采用双变量奇二次测试,多变量逻辑回归和ANOVA来比较目击和非目击自杀.
主要成果:
- 亲眼目睹自杀的死者更有可能是男性,年轻人和性少数群体的成员.
- 在目击自杀事件中,枪支使用和生活空间中发生的死亡更为常见.
- 证人通常是死者的陌生人 (三分之二) 或恋爱伴侣/前伴侣 (23.2%).
结论:
- 开发的编码方案为识别目击自杀提供了一种可靠的方法.
- 与非目击事件相比,目击的自杀行为表现出不同的特征.
- 对目击自杀的特征进行进一步的研究可以帮助制定有效的风险减轻和支持策略.
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