营养干预改善了社区老年人的肌肉质量和身体表现:系统性审查和元分析
Yuanyuan Ren1, Aming Lu1, Bingqing Wang1
1School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 23, 2024
概括
营养补充剂显著改善老年人肌肉质量和身体功能,蛋白质补充剂显示最佳结果. 干预措施在75岁之前最有效,以改善老年人的健康.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 营养补充剂被广泛用于老年人的健康,但它们在改善肌肉质量和体力活动方面的有效性,特别是COVID-19后,仍然存在争议.
- 缺乏对社区老年人营养干预措施的好处的共识.
- 这项研究解决了对营养干预措施对老年人身体健康影响的全面分析的需要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析各种营养干预措施对老年人肌肉质量和体力表现的影响.
- 确定最有效的营养策略,以增强老年人肌肉质量和身体功能.
- 为了确定最佳的干预期和营养支持人口子组.
主要方法:
- 系统审查和随机对照试验 (RCT) 的元分析,发表至2023年12月.
- 搜索了包括PubMed,Web of Science,Elsevier和Cochrane在内的数据库.
- 使用RevMan5.3软件分析数据,用95%置信区间 (CI) 计算平均差异 (MD) 和标准化平均差异 (SMD).
主要成果:
- 包括33个涉及3579名老年参与者的RCT.
- 与对照组相比,营养补充剂显著改善了无脂肪质量 (FFM),尾骨肌肉质量 (ASMM),手握强度 (HGS),步行速度和SPPB得分.
- 蛋白质补充剂在ASMM和FFM中显示出最显著的益处. 维生素D和能量补充剂的效果较小.
- 干预措施对65-75岁年龄组的HGS和定时启动和启动 (TUG) 测试以及非sarcopenic个体的ASMM的影响最大.
结论:
- 营养补充剂有效地提高老年人的肌肉质量和身体性能.
- 特别建议补充蛋白质,以改善肌肉功能.
- 营养干预在65至75岁的个体中产生最佳结果,这突出了75岁之前干预的关键窗口.
- 疗效因年龄和人口而异,需要进一步进行高质量的研究.
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