儿童COVID-19感染,治疗和预防的概述
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Journal of clinical medicine
|January 23, 2024
概括
儿童可以患上严重的COVID-19,包括MIS-C和长期COVID等并发症. 本综述总结了儿童的COVID-19和家庭的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的2019年新冠病毒病 (COVID-19) 在2020年3月成为全球大流行病.
- 虽然COVID-19在儿童中通常不如成年人严重,但可能导致严重疾病,特别是那些患有潜在疾病的人.
- 儿童面临严重并发症的风险,包括儿童多系统炎症综合征 (MIS-C) 和长期COVID,定义和管理需求不断变化.
研究的目的:
- 提供基于证据的COVID-19儿童自大流行以来的评估.
- 总结有关COVID-19流行病学,呈现和儿科人口的管理的当前知识.
- 为儿童和家庭提供关于预防策略的咨询指导.
主要方法:
- 对儿童COVID-19研究的文献综述.
- 综合有关疾病过程,并发症和不断变化的病例定义的数据.
- 分析当前的治疗和预防建议.
主要成果:
- 儿童可能会经历严重的COVID-19和并发症,如MIS-C和长期COVID.
- 正在进行的SARS-CoV-2变种循环需要更新的临床指导.
- 仍然需要改进MIS-C和长期COVID的诊断方法和最佳管理策略.
结论:
- 对于儿科COVID-19的理解有所进步,但在诊断和管理方面仍然存在挑战.
- 对临床医生来说,预防和治疗的持续更新至关重要.
- 关于预防,与家庭进行有效沟通至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:20Infection
8.0K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
8.0K
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
3.6K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
3.6K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
331
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
331
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.3K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.3K
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.6K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.6K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
2.1K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.1K