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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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相关实验视频

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基于聚酸的非异酸聚氨:制备,性能评估和结构分析

Anita Białkowska1, Wojciech Kucharczyk1, Iwona Zarzyka2

  • 1Casimir Pulaski Radom University, 29 Malczewskiego Str., 26-610 Radom, Poland.

Polymers
|January 23, 2024
PubMed
概括

研究人员从聚酸中合成了新型非异酸聚氨 (NIPU). 这些先进的NIPU具有增强的机械和热性能,为各种应用提供安全和稳定的材料.

关键词:
机械性能 机械性能 机械性能非异酸聚氨非异酸.聚乙烯的多种类型热特性 结构 结构 结构

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 可持续的高分子.

背景情况:

  • 传统的聚氨经常依赖危险的异酸盐.
  • 开发无异酸盐替代品对于环境和健康安全至关重要.
  • 聚酸为聚合物合成提供了一个可生物降解和可再生的平台.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和表征使用聚酸的新型非异酸聚氨 (NIPUs).
  • 调查硬段 (HS) 和柔性段 (FS) 内容对NIPU属性的影响.
  • 评估合成的NIPU的机械,热和化学特性.

主要方法:

  • 通过碳酸盐修饰的多乳酸 (柔性段) 与寡合体 (硬段) 的凝结反应合成NIPU.
  • 使用硫酸 (PSA) 或PSA和氧纳硫酸 (HNSA),尿素和甲的混合物制备硬片段.
  • 使用了机械测试 (拉力强度,破裂时延长),热重力测量分析 (TGA),里埃变换红外光谱学 (FTIR) 和差分扫描热度计 (DSC).

主要成果:

  • 随着硬段含量增加,NIPU的拉力强度增加,HS:FS比率达到1:3.
  • 与PSA和HNSA合成的NIPU与PSA单独的NIPU相比,显示出更高的抗拉强度.
  • 材料在100°C以下没有体重减轻,最大降解温度高达385°C,由TGA证实.
  • FTIR证实了化学结构,DSC表明了与硬段化和结晶相关的相位过渡.

结论:

  • 实现了基于聚酸的非异酸聚氨 (NIPU) 的成功合成.
  • 通过调整硬段与灵活段的比率,可以调整NIPU的机械和热性能.
  • 这些NIPU为传统聚氨提供了一个有希望的,安全的替代品,具有良好的热稳定性.