道路应用的RTK+OSNMA定位:芬兰的一项实验性性能分析
José M Vallet García1, M Zahidul H Bhuiyan1
1Navigation and Positioning Department, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, National Land Survey of Finland, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 23, 2024
概括
通过使用利略的开放服务导航消息认证 (OSNMA) 评估了双频实时运动定位 (RTK) 定位性能. 仅使用经过认证的卫星显著降低了可用性,突出了真实性和定位可靠性之间的权衡.
科学领域:
- 地理学工程 工程地质学
- 卫星导航系统 卫星导航系统
- 信号身份验证 信号身份验证
背景情况:
- 实时动态定位 (RTK) 提供了高精度,但在信号可用性和真实性方面面临挑战.
- 利略的开放服务导航消息认证 (OSNMA) 旨在提高GNSS信号安全性.
- 为了提高性能,双频接收器 (GPS L1/L2,Galileo E1/E5a) 越来越常见.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同身份验证方案下的双频RTK定位的性能.
- 量化仅使用OSNMA认证的利略卫星对定位准确性和可用性的影响.
- 评估如果GPS身份验证也得到支持,那么潜在的性能增长.
主要方法:
- 双频RTK定位实验是在芬兰南部的开放天空和城市环境中进行的.
- 测试了两个身份验证场景: (1) 仅使用OSNMA认证的利略卫星, (2) 没有身份验证.
- 定位准确性 (水平) 和可用性指标被收集并分析了两个场景.
主要成果:
- 仅使用OSNMA认证的利略卫星导致RTK可用性大幅下降:从96.67%降至86.01% (开放天空) 和73.55%降至18.65% (城市).
- 使用GPS身份验证支持的假设场景显示了高精度的潜力 (14厘米的开放天空,10.20米的城市95%的水平精度).
- 在假设的GPS身份验证下,在长时间内 (在开放天空中超过92%,在城市中超过39%) 可以实现高准确度 (低于30厘米).
结论:
- 将OSNMA与仅加利略身份验证实现,在信号真实性和定位可用性之间提供了一个显著的权衡.
- 目前的OSNMA实施限制了双带RTK的性能,特别是在具有挑战性的城市环境中.
- 未来的GPS认证集成可以显著提高安全的双带RTK定位的准确性和可用性.
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