在爱尔兰,鱼瘟疫病原体Aphanomyces astaci存在
Daniel J Brady1, Rossa Meade2, Julian D Reynolds3
1Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
Microorganisms
|January 23, 2024
概括
瘟疫是由阿法诺米塞斯阿斯塔奇 (Ap. astaci) 引起的. 阿斯塔基),自2015年重新引入以来,在爱尔兰迅速蔓延. 污染具的人为媒介的运输是可能的原因,影响了本地鱼种群.
科学领域:
- 水生生态学 水生生态学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 病原体生态学 病原体生态学
背景情况:
- 瘟疫是由阿法诺米塞斯阿斯塔奇 (Ap. astaci) 引起的. 阿斯塔基),摧毁了欧洲的淡水,1860年后的引入.
- 北美和受污染的具有助于Ap. 阿斯塔基蔓延,减少了本土人口.
- 爱尔兰是奥斯特罗波塔莫比乌斯 (Austropotamobius pallipes) 的避难所,直到公元前. 阿斯塔西在1987年引入,在2015年重新出现.
研究的目的:
- 为了审查Ap的时间表. 阿斯塔奇在爱尔兰的引入和传播.
- 为了识别Ap. 艾斯塔基基因型及其在爱尔兰水域的分布.
- 讨论Ap的含义. 在没有自然宿主的情况下阿斯塔奇的存在以及非土著物种的作用.
主要方法:
- 关于爱尔兰瘟疫的历史记录和科学文献的审查.
- 对Ap的分子分析. 从大规模死亡事件的阿斯塔基来确定基因型.
- 在爱尔兰水域 (2015-2023) 检测病原体的空间分析.
主要成果:
- 在 Ap. 2015年,阿斯塔基在爱尔兰再次出现,到2023年将在18个水域检测到.
- 多个应用程序. 鉴定了阿斯塔基基因型,分布不均,表明人类传播.
- 该病原体在爱尔兰存在,没有其主要的北美宿主物种.
结论:
- 人为媒介的污染设备运输是Ap的主要驱动力. 阿斯塔基在爱尔兰蔓延.
- 多种不同的Ap的存在. 阿斯塔基基因型突出显示多个引入事件或快速多样化.
- 有效的管理策略对于控制Ap的控制至关重要. 缓解和减轻对本地鱼种群的影响.
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