溶解体在通过纳米生物工程治疗神经系统疾病中的作用
Aiswarya Raj1, Urmi Bandyopadhyay1
1Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine (MIRM), Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|January 23, 2024
概括
自-溶酶体通路 (ALP) 对细胞代谢和神经退行性疾病病理学至关重要. 用纳米生物工程准ALP和溶解体为神经系统疾病提供了有前途的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- Lysosomes,传统上被视为细胞废物处理单元,现在被认为是细胞代谢的关键调节者.
- 自-溶酶体通路 (ALP) 对于清除受损的细胞组件和维持代谢平衡至关重要.
- ALP的失调与神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默病,帕金森病和亨廷顿病) 的病原发生有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查自途径和溶酶体功能的双重作用,作为神经系统疾病中的细胞降解和代谢枢纽.
- 突出纳米生物工程方法在治疗干预中准ALP和溶酶体方面的潜力.
- 为了强调自-溶酶体生物学与纳米生物工程的整合,用于新的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 关于细胞代谢和神经退行中的自-溶酶体通路 (ALP) 功能的当前文献的综述.
- 探索纳米生物工程策略,以准溶酶体和自途径.
- 分析这些方法在神经疾病治疗中的治疗潜力.
主要成果:
- ALP在清除有毒蛋白聚合物和维持细胞健康方面发挥着关键作用,其功能障碍与神经退行性疾病有关.
- 纳米生物工程提供了创新的工具来调节ALP活动和 lysosomal 功能,呈现新的治疗途径.
- ALP生物学和纳米生物工程的整合为开发神经系统疾病的有效治疗提供了重大前景.
结论:
- 自-溶酶体通路是细胞平衡和神经退行性疾病病理学的核心参与者.
- 针对ALP和溶解体,特别是通过纳米生物工程,是治疗干预的有希望的战略.
- 结合这些领域的进一步研究可能会彻底改变神经和神经退行性疾病的治疗.
相关概念视频
Lysosomal Hydrolases
3.8K
Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
3.8K
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
792
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
792
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
6.6K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
6.6K
Lysosomes
18.0K
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed spherical sacs derived from the Golgi apparatus. The most important function of the lysosome is degrading macromolecules and biological polymers that are released during membrane trafficking events such as the secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The degradation is carried out by several hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen. These acid hydrolases are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling,...
18.0K
The Blood-brain Barrier
47.4K
Overview
47.4K
Long-term Potentiation
55.2K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
55.2K


