英国女性双胞胎登记 (TwinsUK) 中的饮食模式和认知表现
Claire T McEvoy1,2,3,4, Amy Jennings5, Claire J Steves6
1The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. c.mcevoy@qub.ac.uk.
Alzheimer's research & therapy
|January 23, 2024
概括
植物性饮食,如地中海 (MED) 和MIND饮食,可以保持认知功能. 坚持这些饮食与更好的记忆和空间跨度有关,可能是通过肠道细菌调制.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食显示出对认知保护的潜力,但观察数据不一致.
- 以前的研究受到社会经济地位和遗传学等混因素的限制.
- 这项研究通过检查雌双胞胎的饮食认知关联来解决这些局限性,并考虑到共同的遗传和环境.
研究的目的:
- 研究坚持地中海 (MED) 和MIND饮食与认知表现之间的关联.
- 通过共同双胞胎设计,独立于遗传因素评估这些关联.
- 探索肠道微生物群在调解饮食与认知关系中的作用.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自TwinsUK研究的509名女性双胞胎队列.
- 在基线和10年随访时使用剑桥神经心理测试自动化电池评估认知功能.
- 单胞胎 (MZ) 双胞胎对与饮食坚持不一致,用于控制遗传影响.
主要成果:
- 对MIND和MED饮食的更高坚持与对联学习中的更少错误相关.
- 在MZ双胞胎组中,更高的MED饮食坚持与更好的空间跨度保存有关.
- 坚持MIND饮食与增加Ruminococcaceae的丰富性有关,这是一种与较慢的全球认知衰退相关的肠道细菌.
结论:
- MED和MIND饮食可能有助于保持特定的认知能力,包括情节性和视觉空间工作记忆.
- 这些有益的效果可能是由食纤维摄入量和产生短链脂肪酸的肠道细菌介导的.
- 需要进一步的长期研究来证实饮食对老年人的认知变化的影响.
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