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非洲肺外结核病的流行:系统性审查和元分析
Semira Hailu1, Cameron Hurst2, Griffin Cyphers3
1UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
|January 23, 2024
概括
肺外结核 (EPTB) 影响了非洲26%的结核病患者. 这一系统性审查突出了显著的区域差异,东非的负担最大. 针对EPTB和肺结核的协调努力对于疾病控制至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲,肺外结核 (EPTB) 负担的量化程度仍然很差.
- 现有的研究主要集中在肺结核病 (PTB),可能低估了结核病的整体影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和量化非洲国家EPTB的流行情况.
- 提供可以为该地区结核病控制的临床和公共卫生战略提供信息的数据.
主要方法:
- 对1990年至2023年间发表的研究进行系统审查和元分析.
- 包括105项研究,其中的元分析集中在68项研究中,报告了结核病患者 (271,073名参与者) 的EPTB患病率.
- 采用随机效应模型和元回归来评估跨地区和时间段的流行率和异质性.
主要成果:
- 在非洲结核病患者中,EPTB的综合患病率为26% (95% CI 23-29%).
- 观察到显著的区域异质性,东非患病率最高 (32%),西非患病率最低 (16%).
- 在三个被检查的时间段中,没有发现EPTB患病率的显著变化.
结论:
- 这一系统性审查和元分析提供了对非洲EPTB实质性负担的关键见解.
- 这些发现强调了对EPTB增加临床怀疑和改善医疗保健服务的需要.
- 针对EPTB和PTB的综合战略对于实现全球结核病消除目标至关重要.
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