释放抗瘤免疫力,使用腺素受体抑制剂
Victoria A Remley1,2, Joel Linden3, Todd W Bauer1,2
1Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)
|January 24, 2024
概括
瘤通过瘤微环境 (TME) 逃避免疫攻击. 氨酸是一种代谢物,通过A2A和A2B受体驱动免疫抑制,突出其作为增强抗瘤免疫力的目标角色.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 瘤创造了一个抑制性瘤微环境 (TME),以逃避免疫检测和破坏.
- 这种免疫抑制是由包括有限的抗原呈现,受损的淋巴细胞和自然杀手 (NK) 细胞功能以及T细胞枯竭在内的机制调解的.
- 虽然检查点抑制剂 (例如,抗PD-1,抗CTLA4) 改善了一些患者的治疗结果,但并非所有患者都会有反应,因此需要新的治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 审查腺作为TME中的关键免疫抑制因子的作用.
- 探索腺的作用机制,特别是通过腺A2A受体 (A2AR) 和腺A2B受体 (A2BR) 的介导.
- 讨论向腺通路的潜力,以增强抗瘤免疫力和改善癌症患者的生存率.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于腺在瘤微环境中的免疫抑制功能.
- 对细胞外腺三酸盐 (ATP) 和其代谢物腺 (ADO) 的作用的分析.
- 对瘤相关免疫细胞上腺受体信号 (A2AR和A2BR) 的检查.
主要成果:
- 细胞外腺来自ATP,在炎症瘤中大量存在,并促进免疫抑制.
- 氨酸通过A2AR和A2BR在瘤相关的淋巴细胞和骨髓细胞上表达其免疫抑制作用.
- 氨酸作为一种关键的免疫抑制媒介,在抑制抗瘤反应方面与检查点抑制剂类似地起作用.
结论:
- 氨酸是TME中重要的免疫抑制作用者,有助于瘤的免疫逃避.
- 阻断腺的产生或抑制A2AR和A2BR是一个有前途的治疗策略.
- 向腺路径有可能增强抗瘤免疫力并克服对当前免疫疗法的耐药性.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
526
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
526
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.6K
Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers
809
α-Adrenergic antagonists, known as α-blockers, exert their effects by inhibiting α-adrenoceptors, leading to specific physiological actions. α1-blockers and α2-blockers have distinct pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications.
α1-blockers: These drugs inhibit α1-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation lowers blood pressure, making α1-blockers valuable in treating hypertension. Additionally,...
α1-blockers: These drugs inhibit α1-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation lowers blood pressure, making α1-blockers valuable in treating hypertension. Additionally,...
809
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K
Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of ɑ-Receptor Blockers
879
Adrenergic antagonists, or sympatholytics, inhibit adrenoceptor activation driven by catecholamines or agonists. Based on their adrenoceptor specificity, adrenergic blockers can be categorized into two primary groups: α-adrenergic blockers (α-blockers) and β-adrenergic blockers (β-blockers). α-blockers interact with α1 and α2 subtypes of α-adrenoceptors.
Nonselective α-blockers: Nonselective α-blockers contain haloalkylamine or imidazoline...
Nonselective α-blockers: Nonselective α-blockers contain haloalkylamine or imidazoline...
879
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
4.8K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
4.8K


