植物性饮食和心血管疾病的发病率:百万退伍军人计划
Yanping Li1,2, Dong D Wang1,3, Xuan-Mai T Nguyen1,4
1Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
BMJ nutrition, prevention & health
|January 24, 2024
概括
健康的植物性饮食显著降低了美国退伍军人的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险. 一种不健康的植物性饮食增加了心血管疾病的风险,强调了饮食质量对退伍军人心脏健康的重要性.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食与心脏代谢疾病有多种关联.
- 健康的植物性饮食与降低疾病风险有关,而不健康的饮食则增加了风险.
- 关于植物性饮食模式和心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的数据有限,特别是在美国退伍军人中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究植物性饮食模式与心血管疾病风险之间的关联,在一大群美国退伍军人中.
- 区分健康与不健康的植物性饮食模式对心血管疾病发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了148,506名退伍军人 (VA) 百万退伍军人计划中的美国退伍军人的数据,没有基线糖尿病,心血管疾病和癌症.
- 使用食物频率问卷评估饮食,计算整体植物性饮食指数 (PDI),健康的PDI (hPDI) 和不健康的PDI (uPDI).
- 在8年的随访期间,确定了CVD终点,包括非致命的心肌梗塞 (MI),急性缺血性中风 (AIS) 和致命的CVD事件.
主要成果:
- 总体PDI较高与心血管疾病风险显著降低有关 (HR比较极端五分位数=0.75).
- 较高的hPDI与心血管疾病风险有很强的反向关联 (HR=0.71),而较高的UPDI与心血管疾病风险有积极关联 (HR=1.12).
- hPDI显示,致命心血管疾病 (HR=0.81),非致命性心脏病发作 (HR=0.86) 和非致命性AIS (HR=0.86) 的风险显著降低.
结论:
- 基于植物的饮食模式,特别是那些富含更健康的植物性食品的饮食模式,与美国退伍军人的心血管疾病风险大幅降低有关.
- 强调植物性饮食模式中饮食质量对心血管健康的重要性.
- 这些发现支持在退伍军人中促进健康的植物性饮食以预防心血管疾病.
关键词:
饮食模式 饮食模式更多相关视频
04:44Author Spotlight: Enhancing Vascular Function and Physical Capacity in Cardiovascular Disease Through Novel Interventions and NIRS Technology
Published on: March 22, 2024
937
02:47Author Spotlight: Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System
Published on: May 12, 2023
1.4K
相关概念视频
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
812
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
812
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
158
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
158
01:27Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
31
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
31
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
92
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
92
01:18Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
741
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
741
01:27Regulation of the Cardiovascular System
1.1K
The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...
1.1K