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在COVID-19大流行期间,美国老年人孤独的婚姻状况差异
Hui Liu1, Molly Copeland2, Gerald Nowak2
1Center on Aging and the Life Course and Department of Sociology, Purdue University, MSEE Room 308B, 501 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Population research and policy review
|January 24, 2024
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,离婚或丧偶的老年人比已婚人更容易感到孤独. 这种孤独的差距持续不管社交活动或接触频率.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孤独是一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别是在老年人中.
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19疫情加剧了社会隔离和孤独感.
- 了解影响孤独的因素,如婚姻状况,对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,检查老美国人孤独的婚姻状况差异.
- 调查社会参与或接触频率的变化是否解释了这些差异.
- 为促进老龄化人口福祉的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 基于人口的研究,使用了2020年国家健康和衰老趋势研究COVID-19补充剂 (n=2861) 的数据.
- 分析重点关注不同婚姻状况 (已婚,离婚,寡妇) 的自我报告的孤独水平.
- 统计模型控制了人口因素,并评估了社会参与和接触频率的作用.
主要成果:
- 与已婚个人相比,离婚和丧偶的老年人报告说,与已婚个人相比,在疫情期间的孤独感显著更高.
- 与疫情前水平相比,离婚者也报告说孤独感增加.
- 这些关联并没有通过社会参与或与家人和朋友的接触频率的变化来解释.
结论:
- 在公共卫生危机期间,婚姻状况是老年人孤独差异的关键相关因子.
- 减少孤独的干预措施应考虑到未婚老年人的独特脆弱性.
- 解决孤独差距对于促进健康老龄化至关重要,尤其是在未来的流行病背景下.
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