适应性联合学习框架用于临床风险预测,使用来自多家医院的电子健康记录
Weishen Pan1,2, Zhenxing Xu1,2, Suraj Rajendran3
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Patterns (New York, N.Y.)
|January 24, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一个自适应式联合学习 (FL) 框架,通过解决电子健康记录 (EHR) 中的数据分布偏移来提高败血症和急性损伤 (AKI) 的临床风险预测准确度. 这种新的方法提高了多个机构的模型性能和可解释性.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 机器学习用于医疗保健
- 临床研究中的数据隐私.
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 对于使用机器学习进行临床风险预测至关重要.
- 联合学习 (FL) 允许在没有数据共享的情况下进行多机构模型培训,从而保护隐私.
- 跨机构的数据分布偏移对FL在医疗保健中的表现构成重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个自适应式联合学习 (FL) 框架,以减轻数据分布的漂移.
- 在多机构环境中提高临床风险预测模型的准确性和稳定性.
- 提高医疗保健中机器学习模型的可解释性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个自适应FL框架,将输入特征分类为稳定,域特定和条件无关的组件.
- 根据与临床结果的关系应用特征分离,以解决数据异质性问题.
- 评估了预测浸症和急性损伤 (AKI) 发病风险在重症监护室 (ICU) 患者的框架.
主要成果:
- 与现有的FL基线相比,拟议的自适应FL框架显示出优异的预测性能.
- 该框架有效地解决了跨临床机构数据分布漂移的挑战.
- 实现了合理的特征解释,有助于理解模型预测.
结论:
- 适应性FL框架为保护隐私的临床风险预测提供了一个有希望的解决方案.
- 这种方法提高了模型在各种医疗数据环境中的通用性和性能.
- 该方法为预测临床结果的特征重要性提供了有价值的见解.
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