当烟雾与肠道相遇:解读烟草吸烟与肠道微生物群在疾病发展中的相互作用
Bo Chen1,2,3, Guangyi Zeng1,2,3, Lulu Sun4,5
1Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
Science China. Life sciences
|January 24, 2024
概括
烟草吸烟显著改变肠道微生物群,影响宿主健康和疾病风险. 戒烟后肠道细菌的变化也可能影响戒烟和恢复.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟是全球领先的健康风险,与诸如COPD,心血管问题和癌症等众多疾病有关.
- 新兴研究强调了肠道微生物群在调解吸烟相关健康后果中的作用.
- 烟草烟雾的成分,包括尼古丁,直接与肠道微生物群相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查烟草吸烟及其成分如何影响肠道微生物群的组成和功能.
- 总结目前对吸烟引起的肠道失调如何影响宿主健康的理解.
- 探索在戒烟期间微生物群转移在戒烟和康复中的作用.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了有关烟草吸烟和肠道微生物群的现有研究结果.
- 对特定烟雾成分对微生物群落影响的研究分析.
- 检查研究的研究,调查微生物群在戒烟后的变化.
主要成果:
- 烟草烟雾显著改变肠道微生物群的多样性和功能.
- 特定的烟雾成分,如尼古丁诱导失生症,有助于疾病的发病.
- 肠道微生物群失生症与各种吸烟相关的疾病有关.
- 戒烟导致肠道微生物群组成的变化.
- 这些微生物群变化可能与吸烟戒断症状和健康改善有关.
结论:
- 烟草吸烟严重破坏肠道微生物群,导致其不良健康影响.
- 了解这些相互作用对于开发针对吸烟者的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 肠道微生物群调节可能为管理戒烟及其相关挑战提供新的策略.
相关概念视频
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
72.0K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
72.0K
01:25Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology
516
Multiple disease states can significantly influence the oral drug absorption process by affecting blood flow and the functionality of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Various GI diseases, including conditions that alter GI motility, such as diarrhea, decreased acid secretions (achlorhydria), and infections, have been associated with reduced drug absorption.
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
516
01:17Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
276
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
276
01:50What is Monogastric Digestion?
71.2K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
71.2K
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
451
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
451
01:17Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
450
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
450