亨廷顿病对认知和身体动机的影响
Kelly J Atkins1, Sophie C Andrews1,2, Julie C Stout1
1Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Brain : a journal of neurology
|January 24, 2024
概括
患有亨廷顿病的人因初级缺陷而减少认知动机,而不是认知障碍. 尽管客观表现下降,但身体动机似乎保持不变,这表明愿意付出努力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 漠不关心是亨廷顿病 (HD) 中常见的一种神经精神症状,其特点是对目标导向行为的动机减少.
- 目前尚不清楚这种冷漠是否源于原发动机缺陷或在HD中出现的二次认知/身体障碍.
研究的目的:
- 通过检查认知和物理领域的基于努力的决策来调查亨廷顿病中冷漠的潜在机制.
- 在HD中区分初级动机缺陷和二次性绩效障碍.
主要方法:
- 17名具有明显亨廷顿病的个体和22名年龄匹配的对照完成了基于努力的决策范式.
- 参与者选择了认知和身体任务的努力水平,以换取训练后的奖励和绩效反.
- 实验后评估了主观的任务负载和心理努力.
主要成果:
- 亨廷顿病组对认知努力的厌恶比对照组更大,即使考虑到任务执行,这种厌恶仍然存在,这表明主要的动机缺陷.
- 两组人都表现出相似的对体力劳动的偏好,尽管亨廷顿病组的客观表现不足,这表明保持了对体力劳动的意愿.
- 患有亨廷顿病的人认为认知任务比对照任务更苛刻,精神上更负担.
结论:
- 亨廷顿病与认知和身体动机的明显缺陷有关,认知动机主要受到初级缺陷的影响.
- 在HD中,身体动机可能会被保留,因为尽管能力减弱,但愿意付出努力.
- 努力处理涉及行为领域的可分离机制,主观感知发挥作用.
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