对健康不平等的厌恶 - 纯粹的,与收入相关的和收入引起的
Matthew Robson1, Owen O'Donnell2, Tom Van Ourti2
1Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Erasmus Centre for Health Economics Rotterdam, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Tinbergen Institute, The Netherlands.
Journal of health economics
|January 24, 2024
概括
人们非常不喜欢健康不平等,尤其是与收入相关的健康不平等. 然而,他们对较贫穷个体的健康的优先考虑低于标准措施的假设,表明复杂的社会偏好.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 社会偏好 社会偏好
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 了解公众对健康不平等的态度对于设计公平的健康政策和经济评估至关重要.
- 现有研究经常将不同类型的健康不平等厌恶混为一谈,例如纯粹的健康不平等与收入相关的健康不平等.
- 与收入相关的健康不平等的标准衡量标准可能无法完全捕捉到社会偏好.
研究的目的:
- 将对纯粹健康不平等的厌恶与对收入相关和收入引起的健康不平等的厌恶分开.
- 在英国成年人样本中量化这些不同类型的不平等厌恶的强度.
- 评估收入信息及其与健康的因果关系如何影响这些厌恶.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种新的实验设计,参与者分配资源以确定个人健康结果.
- 资源生产率的随机变化以及收入及其因果关系的信息被用于识别.
- 收集和分析了来自337名英国成年人26,286次观察的数据,并考虑了噪音.
主要成果:
- 平均个体对纯粹的健康不平等表现出强烈的厌恶,在经济评估中挑战健康最大化目标.
- 当与收入相关时,对健康不平等的厌恶会加剧.
- 然而,中位数个体对较贫穷个体的健康优先考虑的程度低于标准收入相关健康不平等指标的假设.
- 平均而言,当低收入已知会导致健康状况不佳时,对与收入相关的健康不平等的厌恶并没有增加.
- 在所有测量的不平等厌恶类型中观察到显著的异质性.
结论:
- 关于健康不平等的社会偏好是复杂而细微的,超越了简单的健康最大化.
- 政策和经济评估应该考虑对纯粹与收入相关的健康不平等的明显厌恶.
- 需要完善与收入相关的健康不平等的衡量标准,以更好地反映公共优先事项,特别是低收入人群的健康问题.
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