与线粒体DNA复制号相关的核和线粒体遗传变异
Adriana Koller1, Michele Filosi2, Hansi Weissensteiner1
1Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Scientific reports
|January 24, 2024
概括
新的研究发现了两个关键的基因位置,HBS1L和GSDMA,影响线粒体DNA复制数 (mtDNA-CN). 这项研究阐明了核和线粒体对mtDNA-CN调节的贡献,进步了对线粒体功能障碍生物标志物的理解.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 线粒体DNA拷贝数 (mtDNA-CN) 是线粒体功能障碍的关键生物标志物,与各种疾病有关.
- 以前的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 已经确定了调节mtDNA-CN的遗传区域,但这些解释了有限的变异性.
- 现有数据通常依赖于微阵列估计,可能引入管道依赖的变化.
研究的目的:
- 在大型队列中使用GWAS识别与qPCR测量mtDNA-CN相关的遗传位点.
- 为了比较qPCR衍生的mtDNA-CN测量与已发表的基于微阵列的估计.
- 为了区分核和线粒体对mtDNA-CN调节的贡献.
主要方法:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 针对 qPCR 测量 mtDNA-CN 来自三项研究中的 16,130 名参与者.
- 识别的单核酸多态 (SNP) 与以前发表的基于微阵列的GWAS发现的比较.
- 纳入线粒体单元组的分析,以评估它们对mtDNA-CN的影响.
主要成果:
- 两个全基因组显著的自体位点,HBS1L (rs4895440) 和GSDMA (rs56030650),与qPCR测量的mtDNA-CN相关.
- 目前的qPCR发现与以前基于微阵列的SNP识别之间观察到很高的一致性 (113/115个SNP).
- 线粒体基因组对mtDNA-CN调节的贡献很小,只发现了一种罕见的变异,线粒体单元组没有显著的影响.
结论:
- 核遗传因素,特别是在HBS1L和GSDMA位点,是mtDNA-CN的主要调节者.
- 基于qPCR的mtDNA-CN测量与之前基于微阵列的估计基本一致.
- 线粒体DNA本身,包括单元组,在调节总体mtDNA-CN水平方面起到较小的作用.
相关概念视频
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
7.6K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.6K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
17.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.7K
Non-nuclear Inheritance
21.5K
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
21.5K
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
3.7K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.7K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
15.1K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
15.1K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting
4.3K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death. Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
4.3K


