在Alpha-Tocopherol,Beta-Carotene癌症预防研究中,吸烟使用和随后的肺癌风险的变化
Daniela S Gutiérrez-Torres1, Sungduk Kim2, Demetrius Albanes1
1Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
|January 25, 2024
概括
减少每日吸烟可以显著降低肺癌的风险. 虽然减少吸烟强度和持续时间有所帮助,但完全戒烟仍然是吸烟者减少癌症风险的最有效方法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 吸烟的强度和持续时间是肺癌的已知风险因素.
- 以前的研究表明,减少吸烟可能会降低癌症风险.
- 了解不同吸烟行为对肺癌发病率的影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查吸烟强度 (每天一支香烟) 和持续时间的变化,以及患肺癌的风险之间的关联.
- 量化与减少每日吸烟和吸烟频率相关的风险降低.
- 为了比较减少吸烟与完全戒烟在减轻肺癌风险方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在Alpha-Tocopherol,Beta-Carotene癌症预防研究中,对24,613名年龄在50-69岁的芬兰男性吸烟者的吸烟习惯进行了纵向分析.
- 从1985年到1993年,每年三次收集的吸烟状况和每天吸烟的数据.
- 考克斯的比例危险回归用于估计风险比率 (RRs) 和95%置信区间 (CI) 发生的肺癌到2012年,通过芬兰癌症登记处确定.
主要成果:
- 与持续吸烟相比,每年平均每天减少5支香烟的吸烟与患肺癌的风险降低了20% (RR = 0.71,95% CI = 0.71至0.90).
- 在50%的研究访问中,吸烟显示肺癌风险降低了28% (RR = 0.72,95% CI = 0.57至0.90).
- 在10%的研究访问中吸烟表明,与所有访问中的吸烟相比,肺癌风险降低了45% (RR = 0.55,95%CI = 0.36至0.83).
结论:
- 减少吸烟强度 (每天吸烟的香烟) 和吸烟时间是降低肺癌风险的有效策略.
- 对吸烟者来说,完全戒烟是最有影响力的措施,旨在降低他们患肺癌的风险.
- 这些发现支持公共卫生倡议,鼓励减少吸烟和戒烟,以预防肺癌.
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