慢性咳的患病率,其风险因素和人口归因风险在阻塞性肺病负担 (BOLD) 研究中:一项跨国横截面研究
Hazim Abozid1,2, Jaymini Patel3, Peter Burney3
1Department of Respiratory and Pulmonary Diseases, Clinic Penzing, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria.
慢性咳的流行率在全球范围内有所不同. 主要的风险因素包括目前的吸烟和工作场所的尘埃暴露,影响生活质量.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性咳是一种普遍的呼吸道症状,影响日常生活和生活质量.
- 慢性咳的全球流行数据有限,通常来自非特定的研究.
- 现有的研究主要集中在欧洲和亚洲的人口.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用标准化协议,估计慢性咳的全球流行率.
- 在不同的人群中确定与慢性咳相关的关键风险因素.
- 提供对全球慢性咳流行病学的全面了解.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自34个国家的41个地点的33,983名成年人 (≥40岁) 的横截面数据 (阻塞性肺病负担研究).
- 特定地点的流行率估计,考虑采样设计.
- 多变量后勤回归和随机效应元分析以确定聚合风险因素和人口归因风险 (PAR).
主要成果:
- 慢性咳的发病率在3% (印度) 到24% (美国) 之间.
- 确定的危险因素包括女性性别,吸烟 (现有和被动的),有尘埃的职业,结核病史,肥胖,低教育程度,高血压和空气流量限制.
- 目前的吸烟和工作在尘埃覆盖的工作是最有影响力的危险因素.
结论:
- 在慢性咳的流行率上存在显著的全球差异.
- 吸烟和职业尘埃暴露是慢性咳的主要可改变的风险因素.
- 调查结果强调了有针对性的公共卫生干预和工作场所安全措施的必要性.
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