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基因表达中的性二态的进化是对操纵伴侣竞争的反应
Prashastha Mishra1, Howard D Rundle2, Aneil F Agrawal1
1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
|January 25, 2024
概括
果的实验进化表明,特定于性别的选择,而不仅仅是伴侣竞争,推动了性别偏差基因表达 (SBGE) 的变化. 一夫一妻制并没有像预测的那样普遍使基因表达变得女性化.
科学领域:
- 进化遗传学的进化遗传学
- 进行比较的基因组学.
- 德洛索菲拉 (Drosophila melanogaster) 的研究研究
背景情况:
- 性别偏差基因表达 (SBGE) 的模式因物种而异.
- 假设伴侣竞争中的差异驱动了性别特异性选择和SBGE的变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查交配环境中的实验性改变如何影响SBGE和性别特异性拼接.
- 测试这种假设,即不同程度的伴侣竞争会影响SBGE的演变.
主要方法:
- 在104代的时间里利用了15个Drosophila melanogaster种群的实验进化.
- 操纵的交配环境,包括强制单妻制 (没有伴侣竞争) 或多妻制在简单或复杂的设置中.
- 量化性别偏差基因表达和跨治疗的性别特异拼接.
主要成果:
- 最初显示性别偏差的基因在治疗中表达的差异比不偏差的基因更大.
- 偏向男性的基因表现出比偏向女性的基因更大的表达分歧.
- 观察到治疗之间平均表达二态度的显著差异,在性别偏见类别中有不同的方向;在一夫一妻制下没有普遍的女性化.
结论:
- 性别特定的选择,受交配环境的复杂性影响,超出了纯粹的伴侣竞争,显著影响了SBGE的进化.
- SBGE的进化轨迹是复杂的,不仅仅是由伴侣竞争的存在或不存在决定的.
- 这些发现挑战了在一夫一妻制下对转录组普遍"女性化"的预测.
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