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相关概念视频

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

75
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
75
Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

85
Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
85
Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

96
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
96
Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

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This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
81
Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions01:19

Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions

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Phase II biotransformations are detoxification mechanisms that conjugate xenobiotics with endogenous substances, neutralizing their toxicity.
A key example involves the conjugation of cyanide ions, which impair cellular respiration and alter hemoglobin into non-oxygen-carrying cyanmethemoglobin. To neutralize this threat, a sulfur atom from thiosulphate is transferred to the cyanide ion, catalyzed by the enzyme rhodanese, resulting in an inactive compound called thiocyanate. The production of...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

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2.4K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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雅努斯的瓶子刷兼容器

Zhan Chen1, Hong-Gyu Seong1, Mingqiu Hu1

  • 1Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. tom.p.russell@gmail.com.

Soft matter
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在聚合物接口上合成和研究了Janus瓶刷共聚合物兼容剂 (JBCPs). 最佳的JBCP架构,特别是较低的脊柱聚合度和中间接种密度,增强了接口粘附性并改善了材料性能.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 接口科学 接口科学

背景情况:

  • 瓶刷随机共聚物 (BRCP) 可以通过在接口上采用Janus型结构来作为兼容剂.
  • 雅努斯瓶刷共聚合物兼容器 (JBCP) 降低了不混合的聚合物之间的界面张力.
  • 了解JBCP结构-属性关系对于设计先进材料至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 合成和表征具有不同脊柱聚合度 (NBB) 和接种密度 (GD) 的JBCP.
  • 调查JBCP架构对化聚乙烯 (DPS/PS) 和聚2-乙烯化 (P2VP) 同聚合物之间的界面特性的影响.
  • 为了将接口行为与兼容性效率和材料性能相关联.

主要方法:

  • 通过环开元化聚合 (ROMP) 和随后的水解合成JBCPs.
  • 中子反射率 (NR) 用于分析界面宽度和细分密度分布.
  • 薄膜形态学研究和不对称的双梁 (ADCB) 测试用于机械评估.

主要成果:

  • 星状的JBCP (NBB=6) 呈现出最大的界面扩展.
  • 将NBB增加到棒状 (NBB=100) 或状 (NBB=250) 形状,可以减少由于块拉伸而导致的界面扩展.
  • 在NBB=100的80%接种密度优化了接口宽度,并促进了双连续形态,表明有效的兼容性.

结论:

  • JBCP架构显著影响接口属性和兼容性效率.
  • 较低的NBB值和中间的GD (例如80%),有利于创建稳定,双连续的形态.
  • 这项研究为设计高分子混合物的有效BCP兼容剂提供了基本的见解.