为了支持艾滋病毒感染者在高收入环境中的母乳/母乳养
Anna Powell1, Allison Agwu2,3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
概括
在高收入国家,母乳养现在是艾滋病毒感染母亲的安全选择. 新的指导方针支持共享婴儿养决策,当母亲使用抗逆转录病毒治疗时,艾滋病毒传播率较低.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,由于传播风险 (16-24%的抗逆转录病毒前治疗) 导致高收入环境中的艾滋病毒感染母亲不建议母乳养.
- 配方养是推的选择,限制了艾滋病毒阳性母亲的婴儿养选择.
- 最近的数据和指导方针的修订表明,人们正在转向支持母乳养.
研究的目的:
- 倡导将母乳养作为高收入环境中暴露于艾滋病毒的婴儿的安全婴儿养选择.
- 突出更新的美国围产指南,支持共享婴儿养决策.
- 通过现代干预措施提供支持降低艾滋病毒传播率的证据.
主要方法:
- 审查来自资源有限和高收入环境的最新临床试验数据.
- 在孕产妇抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 和新生儿暴露后预防 (PEP) 的背景下分析艾滋病毒传播率.
- 审查修订的美国卫生和人类服务部产周指南.
主要成果:
- 母乳艾滋病毒传播率显著较低 (0.3-1%) 与母亲的ART或新生儿PEP.
- 高收入国家报告说,艾滋病毒感染者在没有记录的传播的情况下成功哺乳.
- 美国围产指南于2023年1月修订,以支持共享婴儿养决策.
结论:
- 哺乳是高收入环境中暴露于艾滋病毒的婴儿的可行和安全的婴儿养选择.
- 需要继续进行研究和细致的临床指导.
- 共享决策赋予艾滋病毒感染的母亲关于婴儿养选择的权力.
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