关于新生儿生命终端决策的伦理和实践的公众态度
Katja Schneider1,2, Stephanie Roll3, Tatjana Tissen-Diabaté3
1Department of Neonatology, Gemeinnützige Gesellschaft der Franziskanerinnen zu Olpe, Marien-Hospital, Bonn, Germany.
JAMA network open
|January 25, 2024
概括
大多数德国人不知道新生儿终身护理建议. 虽然大多数人支持安乐死和取消对新生儿的终身治疗,但与父母共享决策也受到高度重视.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 医生和医疗保健专业人员对新生儿科生命终端决策的态度得到了充分证实.
- 然而,公众的态度在很大程度上仍未得到调查,这在了解新生儿生命终端护理的社会观点方面造成了差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估公众对安乐死的态度,以及对新生儿进行生命延长治疗的取消,这些新生儿有严重的生命限制条件.
- 评估公众对当前德国关于新生儿生命终端护理建议的了解.
- 了解有关新生儿生命终端护理的伦理问题和代理决策的社会价值观.
主要方法:
- 在德国使用探索性设计进行了一项横截面研究.
- 在2022年3月至4月,受委托的民意调查机构对16岁及以上的参与者进行了采访.
- 该研究评估了对建议的了解,对安乐死和终身治疗的撤销的态度,以及对新生儿的代孕决策.
主要成果:
- 在2116名参与者中,只有16.8%的人知道德国关于新生儿终身护理的建议.
- 对安乐死 (64.7%) 和停止延长生命治疗 (77.9%) 的新生儿的支持很高.
- 共享决策得到了65.6%的支持,73.4%的受访者将最终决策权交给了父母,如果共享决策是不可能的.
结论:
- 德国公众在很大程度上缺乏对新生儿生命末期护理的国家建议的认识.
- 临床医生应该加强对可食新生儿的父母的法律和伦理框架的解释.
- 在为新生儿做出生命终结决定时,为父母提供咨询时,必须采用高度个性化的方法.
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