我忘了你存在:记忆可访问性在性别引用差距中的作用
Veronica X Yan1, Amy N Arndt1, Katherine Muenks2
1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas, Austin.
The American psychologist
|January 25, 2024
概括
男性研究人员比女性研究人员更容易被召回,这有助于心理学的引用差距. 这种记忆可访问性差异,而不是名称识别,影响了女性在科学领域的职业进步.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 科学社会学科学社会学
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 最近的研究表明,心理学中存在引用差距,主要有利于男性研究人员.
- 这种差异体现在职业进步指标中,例如h指数.
- 一个潜在的贡献因素是男性和女性研究人员之间的记忆可访问性差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查男性研究人员是否比女性研究人员更容易被召回.
- 探索记忆可访问性在心理学中观察到的引用差距中的作用.
- 分析该领域既有"专家"和"新星"的召回模式.
主要方法:
- 在美国R1机构的心理学教师中进行了一项调查.
- 参与者被要求在他们的领域列出最多五个"专家"和五个"新星".
- 对这些机构的高级和初级女教师比例分析了回忆数据.
主要成果:
- 女性专家被召回的比例与她们的教师代表比例相对应,但男性的召回比例较小.
- 男性受访者回忆起的女性专家比预期的少,而女性受访者回忆起的女性"新星"比预期的多.
- 男性受访者在专家和起的明星中都列出了男性名字,而不是女性名字;女性受访者没有表现出类似的顺序偏差.
结论:
- 这项研究表明,记忆可访问性差距,而不是名称识别差距,导致引用差异.
- 这种可访问性差异可能会阻碍女性心理学研究人员的职业进步.
- 讨论了心理学研究人员的建议,以解决这些隐含的偏见,并促进公平的认可.
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