跨诊断风险识别:对临床高危心理状态 (CHARMS) 标准的验证研究
Louise Destrée1, Patrick McGorry2, Andrew Chanen2
1BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Psychiatry research
|January 25, 2024
概括
临床高风险精神状态 (CHARMS) 标准成功识别了患有严重精神障碍,特别是抑郁症风险的年轻人. 这项验证研究表明,CHARMS标准对风险青少年的早期检测和干预有用.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 临床高风险精神状态 (CHARMS) 标准是为了确定患有精神疾病进展风险的年轻人而制定的.
- 早期识别对于干预新出现的心理健康状况至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过评估他们有能力前性地识别那些有发展到严重精神障碍第一个发作风险的个人来验证CHARMS标准.
- 调查年轻人过渡到的严重精神障碍类型和过渡的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 121名符合CHARMS标准的年轻人 (CHARMS+) 和一个比较组 (CHARMS-) 在基线,6个月和12个月被评估.
- 卡普兰-梅尔法评估过渡率;考克斯回归和LASSO确定了预测因素.
- 线性混合效应建模分析了症状严重程度.
主要成果:
- 28%的CHARMS+个体在12个月内过渡到第二阶段障碍.
- 与CHARMS-组相比,CHARMS+组在随访时表现出更严重的症状.
- 96%的过渡是严重的抑郁;遇到多个CHARMS子组增加了过渡风险,抑郁症状严重程度是最强的预测因素.
结论:
- CHARMS标准有效地识别了一组面临严重精神障碍,特别是严重抑郁症的迫在眉风险的年轻人.
- 这些发现支持CHARMS标准在风险青年早期检测中的有用性.
- 需要对更大样本进行进一步的研究,并进行更长的随访.
相关概念视频
Hazard Ratio
124
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
For example, in a clinical trial...
124
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
56
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
56
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
89
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
89
Modeling in Therapy
79
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
79


