黄热病疫苗接种后的长期免疫力:系统性审查和元分析
Jenny L Schnyder1, Hanna K de Jong1, Bache E Bache2
1Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
The Lancet. Global health
|January 25, 2024
概括
一次剂量黄热病疫苗为旅行者提供终身保护. 然而,由于长期血清保护率较低,儿童和艾滋病毒感染者可能需要再注射.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 长期免疫力从黄热病疫苗接种是争论的.
- 评估单剂黄热病疫苗的保护持续时间 (≥10年) 是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析现有的关于黄热病疫苗单剂量后长期保护 (≥10年) 的文献.
主要方法:
- 队列和横截面研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了11个数据库,截至2023年8月24日.
- 包括在10年前接种疫苗的个体中具有免疫性结果的研究;不包括病例系列/报告和多剂量接种者.
主要成果:
- 包括39项研究,涉及2895名10-60年前接种疫苗的个人;20项研究进行元分析.
- 聚合血清保护:健康的非流行性成年人中94%,流行性成年人中76% (巴西),儿童中47% (9-23个月),艾滋病毒感染者中61%.
- 报告了血清保护标准的高异质性.
结论:
- 单剂黄热病疫苗可能为旅行者提供终身保护.
- 儿童和艾滋病毒感染者可能需要补充剂,因为血清保护能力下降.
- 对撒哈拉以南非洲人口进行进一步的研究是必要的.
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