神经发育障碍中的思想理论:超越自闭症谱系障碍
A Pérez-Vigil1, D Ilzarbe1, B Garcia-Delgar1
1Departamento de Psiquiatría Infantil y Juvenil, Instituto de Neurociencias, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Neurologia
|January 25, 2024
概括
图雷特综合征 (TS) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的年轻人中心智理论 (ToM) 受到损害,但在儿童开始的强迫症 (OCD) 中没有. 这表明ToM缺陷超越ASD扩展到其他神经发育条件.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床精神病学 临床精神病学
背景情况:
- 思想理论 (ToM) 涉及了解他人的心理状态,并且在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中经常受到影响.
- 在儿童强迫症 (OCD) 和图雷特综合征 (TS) 中,尽管存在潜在的认知功能障碍,但ToM的研究较少.
- 在这些条件下调查ToM对于理解神经发育障碍至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较强迫症,TS和ASD的年轻男性中先进的思维理论 (ToM) 能力.
- 评估ToM缺陷是否特异于ASD或存在于其他神经发育障碍中.
- 与对照组相比,在这些临床群体中建立ToM的基线.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及11-17岁男性参与者的比较研究.
- 组包括:儿童开始的强迫症 (n=19),TS (n=14),ASD (n=18) 和对照组 (n=20).
- 通过"日常生活中的故事"和"阅读眼睛中的思想"测试,以及智商和症状严重性的测量,评估了ToM.
主要成果:
- 患有TS和ASD的年轻人在高级的ToM任务中表现出类似的困难.
- 那些被诊断患有童年开始的强迫症患者在ToM评估中表现与对照组相似.
- 这表明了TS和ASD中ToM变化的特定模式.
结论:
- 在图雷特综合征 (TS) 中,思维理论 (ToM) 发生了显著的变化,类似于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD).
- 儿童开始的强迫症似乎不涉及与ASD和TS相同的ToM损伤水平.
- 这些发现扩大了对神经发育障碍中认知缺陷的理解,超出了ASD.
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