查,识别和治疗慢性病:为什么,谁,什么时候,如何和什么?
Douglas R Farrell1, Joseph A Vassalotti2,3
1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029, New York, NY, USA. Douglas.farrell@mountsinai.org.
BMC nephrology
|January 25, 2024
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 的查对于早期检测和预防并发症至关重要. 本文概述了对风险人群进行CKD查的基本方面.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 七分之一的美国成年人患有慢性病 (CKD),增加了进展,心血管事件和死亡的风险.
- 美国预防服务工作组目前缺乏查建议,尽管有证据表明查具有预防性益处和成本效益.
- 针对高风险人群,包括高血压患者,糖尿病患者和50岁以上的个人,对于有效的CKD查至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供慢性病 (CKD) 查的全面概述.
- 详细说明CKD查的理由 (为什么),目标人口 (谁),时间 (何时),方法 (如何) 和管理 (什么).
主要方法:
- 结核病的诊断和风险分层利用通过血清肌素和尿液白素与肌素比率 (UACR) 估计的淋巴细胞过率 (eGFR).
- CKD分期遵循C-G-A分类系统.
- 管理包括改变生活方式,跨学科护理和药物治疗,如ACE抑制剂/ARB,SGLT2抑制剂和MRA.
主要成果:
- 有证据表明,CKD查可以预防疾病的进展.
- 查CKD已被证明是具有成本效益的.
- 目前的指导方针不建议进行常规查,这突显了预防性护理方面的差距.
结论:
- 有效的CKD查策略对于缓解疾病进展和相关并发症至关重要.
- 识别和准风险人群进行CKD查可以改善患者的治疗结果.
- 本文提供了一个理解和实施CKD查协议的框架.
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