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差异化的基因组足迹表明,赫蒙-米恩人群的隔离和长距离迁徙

Guanglin He^1,2,3,4, Peixin Wang^5,6, Jing Chen^5,7

¹Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. guanglinhescu@163.com.

|January 25, 2024

概括

基因组研究揭示了Hmong-Mien (HM) 的人类.

科学领域:

人口基因组学人口基因组学
人类进化人类进化
古代DNA研究研究古代DNA研究

背景情况:

在亚洲基因组研究中,Hmong-Mien (HM) 种群的代表性不足.
南中国是一个生物多样性丰富的地区,拥有多样化的种族群体,包括HM,奥斯托亚裔,泰卡代族,奥斯托尼西亚人和中西藏人.
之前的研究缺乏对HM种群的综合性,基于单元型的基因组数据.

研究的目的:

为HM人员创建一个特定的基因组资源.
利用全基因组数据探索HM种群的遗传结构和适应性特征.
了解与HM遗传学相关的人口历史和自然选择.

主要方法:

对来自33个民族语言群体的440个HM个体进行全基因组SNP数据分析.
细度基因结构和添加剂分析.
一个单亲的家族遗传重建和身份-由-后裔分析.
种群特定的自然选择签名识别.

主要成果:

鉴定了HM和汉族中国人群之间的遗传差异,可以追溯到7.6415.86 kya.
揭示了内陆 (Miao/Yao) 和沿海 (She) HM 群体之间的分裂事件和基因流动.
发现了来自周围的中西藏,泰卡代和澳大利亚人的大量基因流入沿海海域.
在永高原的HM人群中发现了以前未知的基因组多样性.
证实了中国内陆和东南亚HM种群之间的最近遗传联系,支持迁移假设.
确定了与身体特征和免疫功能相关的特定人群适应.
在HM和中国北部人口之间发现了癌症易感性和药物基因组等位基因的显著差异.

结论:

古代HM人很可能起源于永地区,与古代"三部落"有关.
最近的迁移导致一些HM群向东南亚迁移,而另一些则向东迁移,与当地人口和入境的中西藏群混合.
复杂的人口迁移,混合和适应已经塑造了地理上分散的HM人的遗传多样性.

关键词:

混合事件混合事件人口统计历史历史差异化的遗传结构.遗传多样性遗传多样性赫蒙格-米恩说话的人口.

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