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在中国的陆地生态系统中普遍存在的土壤损失

Xiaodong Song^1,2, Christine Alewell³, Pasquale Borrelli⁴

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.

Global change biology

|January 26, 2024

概括

中国中国中国中国.

科学领域:

土壤科学和生物地质化学.
农业和环境科学.
生态系统动态和可持续性.

背景情况:

全球 (P) 短缺对粮食安全和陆地生产力构成重大威胁.
了解土壤P动态对于可持续的土地管理和生物质生产至关重要.
中国多样化的生态系统 (森林,草原,耕地) 对于全球P循环和粮食供应至关重要.

研究的目的:

从20世纪80年代到2010年代,调查中国主要生态系统的地表土壤可用 (AP) 和总 (TP) 的变化.
量化土壤植物系统中的预算和流量,以了解P动态.
评估P在中国生态系统中的使用可持续性,并为政策决策提供信息.

主要方法:

利用了大量的数据集,包括20世纪80年代,2000年代和2010年代的63.220个土壤P测量.
应用机器学习技术来分析土壤AP和TP库存的空间和时间趋势.
从施肥,植物吸收和水侵蚀中协调P流来构建土壤-植物P预算.

主要成果:

在所有研究的生态系统中,地表AP库存略有增加 (0.13公斤Pha-1年-1),而TP库存显著下降 (4.5公斤Pha-1年-1).
在耕地,特别是高地耕地中,由于大型TP池和大量的P损失,可能会高估P余.
由于植物吸收和水侵蚀造成的显著P损失抵消了耕地中P的增加.

结论:

中国的生态系统正经历净缺乏,引发了对未来生物质生产的担忧,尤其是在森林中.
对于可持续的农业来说,在耕地紧急实施回收策略是必不可少的.
国家层面的土壤数据对于制定有效的政策来应对全球危机至关重要.

关键词:

数字土壤绘制地图环境控制环境控制预算预算预算在土壤中可用的.土壤总土壤总时间空间的变化.

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