在匈牙利COVID-19大流行之前和期间的医院抗生素消费
Roxána Ruzsa1,2, Ria Benkő1,2,3, Helga Hambalek1,2
1Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 26, 2024
概括
由于COVID-19大流行,匈牙利医院的抗生素使用发生了重大变化. 虽然整体每日使用量保持稳定,但特定的抗生素类别和个人药物出现了大幅增加,影响了治疗模式.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医院 医院 药房 医院药房
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗生素利用模式对于抗菌药物管理和对抗耐药性至关重要.
- COVID-19 流行病与医疗保健实践的变化有关,包括抗生素处方.
- 了解医院环境中的这些变化对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,评估匈牙利医院的全身抗生素 (ATC:J01) 消耗.
- 分析抗生素利用趋势,使用每位居民每天 (DID),每 100 个患者日 (DHPD) 和每次出院的定义每日剂量 (DDD).
- 在大流行期间观察到的抗生素使用与基于大流行前趋势的预测水平进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在匈牙利使用了2010-2021年系统性抗生素 (ATC:J01) 的综合数据.
- 根据世卫组织ATC/DDD指数计算的抗生素利用率,表达数据为DID,DHPD和DDD/排放.
- 用线性回归来分析趋势 (2010-2019) 并建立预测间隔来评估大流行时期的数据 (2020-2021).
主要成果:
- 在DID中,抗生素的利用在疫情前和期间保持相对稳定 (2019年为1.16%,2020年为1.21).
- 当测量DHPD (2019年23.3 vs. 2020年32.2),DDD/排泄 (2019年1.83 vs. 2020年2.45) 时,观察到抗生素使用的显著增加.
- 几种抗生素类别,包括青素组合,头素,碳烯和类药物,在大流行期间超过了预测的利用水平. 阿齐思罗米的使用量增加了397% (0.45至2.24 DHPD). 塞夫特里亚克松成为最常用的抗生素,取代了co-amoxiclav.
结论:
- 在匈牙利,COVID-19大流行明显影响了医院抗生素使用的规模和模式.
- 在大流行期间,处方模式的变化,包括增加某些广泛抗生素的使用,是显而易见的.
- 这些发现强调了在公共卫生紧急情况期间和之后在医院环境中需要持续监测和抗微生物管理干预措施的必要性.
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