猪饮食中的替代和可持续的蛋白质来源:一篇评论
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|January 26, 2024
概括
在探索动物料中使用大豆的可持续蛋白质替代品时,本综述涵盖了螺旋藻,昆虫幼虫,菜和豆类. 这些选择提供了营养益处,并影响了动物的表现和肉质.
科学领域:
- 动物营养 动物营养
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 大豆粉 (SBM) 是动物料中主要的蛋白质来源,但为了降低成本和可持续性,正在寻找替代品.
- 螺旋藻,昆虫幼虫 (Tenebrio molitor,Hermetia illucens),油菜粉和豆类 (豆,大豆,狼,小豆) 是有希望的SBM替代品.
- 这些替代品提供高蛋白质含量,可以在当地采购,有助于可持续的动物生产.
研究的目的:
- 审查猪食中潜在的SBM替代品的营养价值.
- 评估这些替代品对动物表现,消化和免疫系统的影响.
- 评估对肉类物理化学和感官特性的影响,并确定研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 关于猪饮食替代蛋白质来源的科学研究的文献综述.
- 对营养特征和动物反应数据的分析.
- 评估肉类质量参数,并确定使用限制.
主要成果:
- 螺旋藻和昆虫幼虫显示出高营养价值和作为SBM替代品的潜力.
- 豆类和大麻提供当地生产的蛋白质成分.
- 这些替代品影响动物的表现,健康和肉质,效率各不相同.
结论:
- 替代性蛋白质来源,如螺旋藻,昆虫幼虫,菜粉和豆类可以补充或取代猪饮食中的SBM.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化补充水平,并充分了解对动物健康和产品质量的长期影响.
- 这些替代方案有助于成本效益和可持续的动物生产系统.
相关概念视频
01:28Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements
Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
01:27Bioplastics
Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...