无氧土壤消毒和虫堆肥,以管理有机生菜中的底部腐烂
Deborah A Neher1, Anna R Brown1, Tucker D Andrews1
1Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405.
Plant disease
|January 26, 2024
概括
无氧土壤消毒 (ASD) 和虫并没有有效地管理有机田中的Rhizoctonia solani. 与标准实践相比,这些方法没有显著抑制疾病或改善可销售产量.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 有机农业 有机农业 有机农业
背景情况:
- 瑞佐克托尼亚·索拉尼 (Rhizoctonia solani) 是一种侵袭性土壤传染病原体,会影响各种作物,由于管理选择有限,对有机农民构成挑战.
- 由R. solani亚种AG1-IB引起的底部腐烂是田间生长的有机 (Lactuca sativa) 的重要疾病.
研究的目的:
- 评估无氧土壤消毒 (ASD) 和虫在控制R. solani诱导的有机生菜底部腐烂方面的有效性.
- 在佛蒙特州的两个有机农场,在现场条件下比较ASD和虫堆肥处理与对照组.
主要方法:
- 一个为期两年的实地实验使用了一个随机的完整块设计,每个农场有四个复制品.
- 治疗ASD包括堆肥,覆盖作物残留物和家禽便肥料,以及被覆盖的控制.
- 虫堆肥处理与商业生物控制和未经修改的控制进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 无氧土壤消毒 (ASD) 已被证明可以在现场环境中实现.
- 与标准实践相比,无论是ASD还是虫堆肥治疗都没有显著抑制疾病或增加可销售产量.
- 由于ASD的劳动性,这表明它可能更适合于高价值的温室作物.
结论:
- 目前的ASD和虫堆肥方法对于在野外种植的有机生菜中控制R. solani是不有效的.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来优化这些技术用于有机农业系统.
- 这项研究代表了美国东北部土壤病原体控制的第一个现场实施的ASD.
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