在繁忙的交通环境中提高自动驾驶汽车的超意识:一种机器学习方法
Abdul Razak Alozi1, Mohamed Hussein1
1Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|January 26, 2024
概括
本研究介绍了一种用于自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 的先进机器学习模型,以实时预测交通冲突. 该模型通过提前三秒识别潜在危险,提高城市道路安全.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 运输工程 运输工程
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
背景情况:
- 自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 越来越多地融入城市环境,需要先进的安全协议.
- 实时识别交通冲突对于AV运营安全和道路使用者的保护至关重要.
- 现有的算法需要不断改进,以处理复杂的城市交通动态.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种机器学习模型,用于预测涉及自动驾驶汽车和周围道路使用者的交通冲突.
- 使用AV传感器数据进行实时危险检测和分类.
- 评估训练模型对新数据集和位置的可转移性.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自美国多个城市的AV数据.
- 使用隔离森林 - 卷积神经网络 - 长期短期记忆 (IF-CNN-LSTM) 层开发了一种机器学习模型.
- 在实时道路用户轨迹和方向上训练模型,以提前三秒预测冲突.
- 评估模型性能和跨不同数据集的可转移性.
主要成果:
- 该IF-CNN-LSTM模型在预测冲突发生和严重程度方面取得了很高的准确性 (灵敏度=83.5%,后果=11%).
- AV冲突预测灵敏度在89%至95%之间,超过现有模型.
- 对周围道路使用者的危险冲突的实时预测显示出高灵敏度 (82%-87%).
- 该模型在传输了足够的调数据时,保留了近97%的性能.
结论:
- 拟议的模型显示了通过准确的,实时的冲突预测来提高AV安全的巨大潜力.
- 车载AV传感器可以有效地用于实时安全应用.
- 该模型的可转移性表明,该模型可以适应各种城市环境,并尽可能少地进行再培训.
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