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氨基胺使用障碍与在预期损失和奖励期间的条纹体低活化有关
April C May1,2, Kaiping Burrows3, Rayus Kuplicki3
1Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
|January 27, 2024
概括
胺使用障碍 (AMP) 患者在奖励和损失预期方面表现出改变的大脑反应,影响决策和复发脆弱性. 腹状条纹体中的这些神经差异可能解释了处理奖励和惩罚的困难.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 成研究 研究成研究
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍与变化的腹状条纹体功能有关.
- 胺使用障碍 (AMP) 涉及决策能力受损,冲动性和复发脆弱性,部分原因是奖励和损失预期的改变.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查AMP是否与在预期胜利和失败时凸的条形状,前额叶皮层和岛屿信号有关.
- 探索AMP和没有AMP的个体在奖励处理中的神经差异.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于扫描患有 (AMP+) 和没有 (AMP-) 胺使用障碍的参与者.
- 参与者完成了一项货币激励延迟 (MID) 任务,以评估奖励和损失预期期间的大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,AMP+患者在胜利和失败预期期间在双边尾状/面和左侧核中呈现出降低的信号.
- 氨基胺使用障碍与损失预期期间反应时间较慢有关.
- 在AMP+中,在预期大胜和小失利时,观察到杏仁体反应的改变.
- 两组之间没有发现前额头或胰岛信号的显著差异.
结论:
- 氨基胺使用障碍的特点是奖励和损失预期期间神经处理和响应模式的改变.
- 这些神经变化可能反映了多巴胺功能受损,影响决策和对奖励/惩罚情景的反应.
- 研究结果表明,在AMP患者中,决策困难的神经基础以及对即时奖励或惩罚的高度关注.
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