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在长鼻海马的生态型差异化背后的两个大染色体逆转的分歧和基因流史

Laura Meyer¹, Pierre Barry^1,2, Florentine Riquet³

¹ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.

Molecular ecology

|January 27, 2024

概括

海马的两个古老的染色体逆转维持了遗传多样性,并可能驱动物种化. 这些结构变异在不同种群中显示出不同的模式,表明它们在适应和生殖隔离中的作用.

科学领域:

进化遗传学的进化遗传学
基因组学就是基因组学.
规格研究研究规格研究

背景情况:

染色体逆转是进化分歧和生殖隔离的关键驱动因素.
了解反转多态的起源,维护和物种化作用仍然是一个挑战.
长鼻海马 (Hippocampus guttulatus) 具有与共享的结构变异相关的遗传结构.

研究的目的:

为了描述Hippocampus guttulatus中的结构变异.
重建这些变异在生态型形成中的历史和作用.
调查染色体逆转对分歧和物种化的贡献.

主要方法:

产生了一种接近染色体水平的基因组组合,用于Hippocampus guttulatus.
分析了来自不同种群 (大西洋,地中海,黑海) 的112个全基因组序列.
利用链接读取测序数据来识别大的染色体反转.

主要成果:

确定了两种大型染色体逆转,在血统和生态类型之间具有对比的等位基因频率模式.
揭示了这些反转是古代的内属多态,可能通过分离选择和伪超主导来维持.
发现了反向和基因流量影响分歧之间的选择性合的证据.

结论:

染色体逆转是海马的古老多态,有助于血统和生态类型的分歧.
不同选择和伪过度支配可能会维持这些反转.
逆转动力学会影响Hippocampus guttulatus对物种形成的贡献.

关键词:

祖先的重组图表可以显示出祖先重组图.生态类型生态类型进化历史的演化历史.基因流动是基因的流动.逆转逆转逆转逆转逆转进行全基因组再测序.

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Formation of Species

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Hybrid Zones

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