非自闭症大学生对自闭症行为的定性描述
Allison M Birnschein1, Olivia F Ward2, Amaya B McClain2
1Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA. abirnschein@crimson.ua.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|January 27, 2024
概括
非自闭症的大学生经常将自闭症行为错误地归因于其他原因,而不是自闭症本身. 这种误解可能会影响自闭症患者的社会接受和包容.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经多样性研究 神经多样性研究
- 社会感知的社会感知.
背景情况:
- 评估自闭症个体非自闭症认知的研究经常使用虚构自闭症角色的短片.
- 然而,非自闭症同龄人在识别这些角色为自闭症时的准确性往往未经检查.
- 准确识别自闭症作为行为原因对于塑造认知和影响社会互动至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查非自闭症大学生是否准确地识别了自闭症人物在片段中的自闭症特征.
- 分析非自闭症学生归因于自闭症角色行为的原因.
- 了解错误归因对自闭症个体社会接受和包容的影响.
主要方法:
- 469名大学生 (Mage=18.62,女性=79.3%) 获得了一个自闭症特征的图片.
- 参与者提供了开放式的回应,解释了角色行为原因.
- 响应被系统地审查并分类为16个不同的因果归因.
主要成果:
- 非自闭症学生主要将自闭症角色的行为归因于非自闭症起源.
- 最常见的归因包括注意力缺陷/多动性障碍 (55.4%),注意力缺陷症状 (20.9%),和一般性焦虑障碍 (11.7%).
- 只有12.8%的参与者认为自闭症本身是原因,其他心理健康诊断和环境因素也经常被引用.
结论:
- 非自闭症年轻人可能不会始终认出他们的自闭症同龄人,这可能会阻碍接受和包容.
- 未来的反污名化干预应集中于改善准确识别和理解自闭症相关行为.
- 研究人员在自闭症研究中使用 vignettes 应该验证参与者对性格诊断的认识,以确保准确地解释研究结果.
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