智力和发育障碍者就业干预:对利益相关方观点的德尔菲研究
Carol Schall1, Lauren Avellone1, Paul Wehman1
1Carol Schall, Lauren Avellone, and Paul Wehman, Virginia Commonwealth University.
Intellectual and developmental disabilities
|January 28, 2024
概括
利益相关者发现,大多数智力和发育障碍 (IDD) 个人就业途径在社会上是有效的. 由于知识有限,学徒制缺乏共识,突出需要更好的培训和获得服务的需求.
科学领域:
- 职业康复 职业康复 职业康复
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 对于智力和发育障碍 (IDD) 的人来说,就业至关重要.
- 存在各种途径,包括支持就业,定制就业,实习,学徒和中学后教育.
- 了解利益相关者对这些途径的社会有效性的看法对于有效的服务提供至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查IDD个人的五个就业途径的社会有效性.
- 评估利益相关者对这些途径的可访问性,可负担性,可接受性,有效性和成本效益比的共识.
- 确定在IDD患者就业服务方面需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 采用了德尔菲方法来收集和分析利益相关者的共识.
- 多个利益相关者提供了关于基于证据和新兴就业途径的意见.
- 社会有效性的关键标准包括可访问性,可负担性,可接受性,有效性和成本效益.
主要成果:
- 利益相关方的共识证实了支持就业,定制就业,实习和中学后教育的社会有效性.
- 由于利益相关者的知识和经验不足,学徒制没有达成共识.
- 所有评估的途径通常被认为是社会上有效的,但有特定的例外.
结论:
- 支持就业,定制就业,实习和中学后教育是IDD个体的社会有效途径.
- 需要进一步的发展和利益相关者教育,以便学徒制建立社会有效性.
- 改善服务提供者培训和增加服务获取对于提高IDD患者就业成果至关重要.
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