在接受脊柱手术的老年患者中,术前轻度认知障碍是术后认知功能障碍的危险因素
Sujung Park1,2, Jeongmin Kim1,2, Yoon Ha3,4
1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|January 29, 2024
概括
在老年脊柱手术患者中,术前轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 会增加术后认知功能障碍 (POCD) 的风险. bensodiazepine 使用,并发症和抑郁症也会导致POCD风险.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
- 外科手术的结果
背景情况:
- 老年人的持续认知障碍是一个重大问题,可能会发展为痴呆症.
- 早期术后认知功能障碍 (POCD) 是老年人手术后的一种并发症.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定经过脊椎手术的老年患者中POCD的发病率.
- 在这个人群中确定与早期POCD发展相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性观察性研究招募了427名老年患者进行正常认知功能查 (迷你精神状态检查 - MMSE).
- 在手术前和手术后1周,1个月,1年使用MMSE和蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 评估认知功能.
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 用MoCA得分来定义,POCD被定义为手术后1周MMSE下降≥3点. 多变量物流分析确定了风险因素.
主要成果:
- 20%的患者有先前存在的MCI,与非MCI患者相比,在整个研究期间表现出较低的MoCA得分.
- 在手术后一周,MCI组的ICU入院,术后妄想和POCD的发生率显着更高 (18.8%与8.2%,p < 0.001).
- 在大约20%的患有先前存在的MCI的患者和10%没有POCD的患者中观察到POCD. 10.3%的POCD患者在1周后报告了糟糕的社会角色和身体功能.
结论:
- 在接受脊椎手术的老年患者 (>70岁) 中,术前MCI很普遍 (~20%),是POCD的重要危险因素.
- bensodiazepine使用,多种并发症,先前存在的MCI和抑郁倾向被确定为发展POCD的关键风险因素.
- 这些发现强调了评估手术前认知状态和管理风险因素的重要性,以减轻老年手术患者的POCD.
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