高收入和中等收入国家的教育成就和晚年认知功能:来自协调认知评估协议的证据
Yuan S Zhang1,2, Brendan O'Shea3, Xuexin Yu3
1Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA.
概括
在全球范围内,更高的教育程度与老年人更好的认知功能有关. 改善教育,尤其是在低收入国家,是促进大脑健康和降低痴呆风险的关键.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 确定有效的社会政策来增强认知健康对于减轻痴呆症的全球影响至关重要.
- 教育成就是一个关键的社会决定因素,可能会影响晚年认知功能.
研究的目的:
- 检查在不同国际环境中,老年人的教育成就和认知功能之间的关联.
- 量化教育差异在多大程度上解释了认知功能的跨国变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自美国,英国,墨西哥,中国和印度的健康和退休研究 (HRS) 和其国际HCAP组件的统一数据 (n=14,980).
- 采用多变量调整的回归分析来评估65岁以上个体的教育程度和全球认知功能得分之间的关系.
- 进行了认知功能和教育成就模式的跨国比较分析.
主要成果:
- 与美国和英格兰相比,墨西哥,中国和印度的认知功能得分大约比美国和英格兰低1个标准偏差,反映了教育水平.
- 在所有研究的国家中,在更高的教育程度和更高的认知功能得分之间观察到一致的积极关联.
- 教育成就差异占各国认知功能得分观察到的差异的很大一部分 (50% - 90%).
结论:
- 教育与认知功能之间的密切联系凸显了教育在促进认知健康和潜在降低痴呆风险方面的关键作用.
- 提高教育水平,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家,为改善晚年认知健康结果提供了重大机会.
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