机器学习模型用于预测紧急部门的非计划回访:范围审查
Yi-Chih Lee1, Chip-Jin Ng1, Chun-Chuan Hsu1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan.
BMC emergency medicine
|January 29, 2024
概括
机器学习模型显示,预测非计划的返回访问紧急部门 (EDs) 的可能性很大. 虽然 eXtreme Gradient Boosting 的表现最好,但在ED重复访问中,提高超过0.75的准确性仍然是一个挑战.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 紧急诊所的非计划性回访 (URV) 是护理质量的关键指标.
- 机器学习 (ML) 提供了识别高风险患者和减少错误的潜力,但它的准确性和实用性仍在争论中.
- 本综述评估了ML模型对ED URV和影响其性能的因素的预测能力.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种机器学习模型的预测性能,用于紧急部门的非计划回访.
- 检查研究因素的影响,如访问间隔,患者群体和研究规模对模型准确性的影响.
- 在预测ED URV中提供ML应用的全面概述.
主要方法:
- 进行了范围审查,搜索了八个数据库,查找2010年至2023年间发表的研究.
- 符合条件的文章使用机器学习来预测急诊室的重复访问.
- 基于回访间隔,患者人口统计和研究规模,分析了预测性表现.
主要成果:
- 在582个已识别的文章中,有14个被选中进行详细分析.
- 后勤回归是常见的,但eXtreme梯度增强显示出优越的预测性能.
- 访问间隔,患者组或研究规模的变化没有显著影响模型的准确性.
结论:
- 这是第一个总结了用于预测ED URVs的ML的综述,发现模型开发是可行的,但精度改进具有挑战性.
- 提高ED URV的ML模型准确性需要整合多种数据源,这可能是时间有限的.
- 机器学习模型有潜力通过尽量减少EDURV来提高患者的安全性和降低医疗保健成本,这需要进一步的现实世界疗效研究.
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