12周有氧运动不同频率对学龄前儿童执行功能的影响:一个集群随机对照试验
Changshuang He1, Xiaoying Peng1, Jinming Zhang2
1School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Psychology & health
|January 30, 2024
概括
12周的有氧运动计划没有显著改善学龄前儿童的执行功能 (EFs),无论频率如何. 需要对运动剂量和运动类型进行进一步的研究,以获得最佳的认知效益.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对儿童的认知和学术成功至关重要.
- 有氧运动越来越多地被认为对认知能力有积极的影响.
- 了解运动的最佳频率对于增强幼儿EFs是很重要的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究12周有氧运动计划的不同频率 (高低) 对学龄前儿童的执行功能的影响.
- 评估抑制,工作记忆和认知灵活性的改善.
主要方法:
- 一个为期12周的集群随机对照试验,涉及126名上海学龄前儿童.
- 儿童被分配到高频 (3x/周) 或低频 (1x/周) 的有氧运动组.
- 执行功能在基线,干预后和12周后续观察时被测量.
主要成果:
- 两个运动组在干预后和随访时都显示出抑制和工作记忆的显著改善.
- 只有高频组在随访期后,认知灵活性显著改善.
- 在高频和低频组之间,在核心执行功能子域中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 12周的有氧运动计划,即使是每周三次,也不足以显著提高学龄前儿童的执行功能,而不是每周一次.
- 未来的研究应该探索剂量-反应关系以及各种运动方式对这一年龄组执行功能的影响.
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