在步道跑者中,低能量的可用性,饮食失调,运动依赖和燃料策略
Keely Henninger1, Kelly Pritchett2, Namrita Kumar Brooke3
1Professional Trail Runner and Independent Scientist, Portland, OR, USA.
International journal of exercise science
|January 30, 2024
概括
耐力跑者中低能量可用性 (LEA) 的风险很高,除了饮食和运动依赖的乱之外. 在长时间的事件中,碳水化合物摄入量不足会加剧这些风险,突出需要更好的加油策略.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 燃料不足,饮食失调 (DE),运动依赖 (EXD) 和相对于能量摄入的高训练负载是耐力运动员低能量可用性 (LEA) 的潜在风险因素.
- 在耐力运动中,LEA是一个关键问题,可能导致不良健康后果.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定耐力跑者中LEA风险的流行率.
- 调查LEA风险与DE,EXD风险之间的关系,以及在培训和比赛期间的加油做法.
主要方法:
- 对1899名步道跑者 (18-40岁) 进行了一项调查.
- 该调查包括关于训练/赛车特征,碳水化合物摄入量和验证问卷的问题:LEAF-Q (女性低能量可用性问卷),DESA-6 (运动员饮食障碍屏幕) 和EDS-21 (运动依赖度表-21).
主要成果:
- 43%的跑步者被确定为患LEA的风险,43%的DE,87.3%报告了EXD的症状.
- LEA风险与EXD (r = 0.33) 和DE (r = 0.29) 呈现正相关性.
- 47.6%的运动员在耐力赛 >2.5小时期间消耗的碳水化合物少于建议的碳水化合物;面临LEA风险的女性不太可能充足燃料.
结论:
- 在经过研究的耐力跑者群体中,LEA,DE和EXD的风险特别高.
- 在训练和比赛期间强调满足碳水化合物建议对于减轻与LEA相关的负面健康结果至关重要.
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