纳尔斯的形态与巴林鱼的立体嗅觉有关
Conor Ryan1, Maria C I Martins2, Kevin Healy3
1Scottish Association for Marine Science, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK.
Biology letters
|January 30, 2024
概括
鱼可能会利用气味来寻找食物. 鱼 (Mysticeti) 的更宽的鼻孔与较小的猎物的饮食相关,这表明立体嗅觉用于定位像二甲基硫化物 (DMS) 等密集的食物斑块.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 感官生态学 感官生态学
- 鱼的进化过程
背景情况:
- 鱼 (Mysticeti) 居住在广的海洋中,这使得猎物检测具有挑战性.
- 它们配对的吹孔 (鼻孔) 暗示了立体嗅觉的潜力,但其在食中的作用尚不清楚.
- 硫化二甲基 (DMS) 是植物浮游生物产生的与猎物相关的气味剂,被海鸟使用,但尚未在鱼中得到证实.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究大白鼻腔形态和饮食之间的关系.
- 评估白捕食策略中立体嗅觉的潜力.
- 为了确定最有可能使用嗅觉来检测猎物的鱼物种.
主要方法:
- 纳雷斯的形态学分析来自14种鱼物种的无人机系统 (UAS) 图像.
- 数据使用贝叶斯系遗传学混合建模对已公布的食量水平指数进行统计建模.
- 研究了纳雷斯宽度和热量水平之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 发现的宽度和鱼的热量水平 (β = -0.08) 之间存在显著的负相关性.
- 营养水平最低的物种 (更多的动物植物食) 呈现出39%更宽的鼻子宽度.
- 适合立体嗅觉的鼻腔形态在动物植物食物种中更为常见.
结论:
- 鱼的鼻子结构表明了对立体嗅觉的适应,特别是在动物植物食物种中.
- 这提供了证据表明,一些鱼可能会将像DMS这样的气味物局部化,用于食.
- 这些发现指导了对鱼嗅觉和塑料摄入等潜在风险的未来研究.
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