优化自然语言处理方法用于使用GPT嵌入式自动检测阿尔茨海默病
Benjamin S Runde1, Ajit Alapati2, Nicolas G Bazan2
1Science Engineering Research Center, The Potomac School.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|January 31, 2024
概括
这项研究表明,人工智能转录和自然语言处理 (NLP) 可以准确地从语音中检测出阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI). 人工智能转录显著优于手工方法,当地的Wav2Vec实现了最高准确度.
科学领域:
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 随着人口老龄化,阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的影响在全球范围内越来越大.
- 早期发现和预防对于缓解AD的渐进性影响至关重要.
- 非侵入性,具有成本效益的检测方法对于广泛的查至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了优化阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 检测使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 的自发言语.
- 评估用于AD分类的音频处理技术和AI转录服务.
- 将本地和基于云的AI转录解决方案与手动方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用Boll光谱减法进行音频增强.
- 对Wav2Vec,Whisper,IBM云和Rev.AI的转录准确性进行了评估.
- 支持使用OpenAI的GPT字嵌入的矢量机 (SVM) 分类器训练.
- 对转录的语音进行分析,以对AD,可能的AD和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 进行分类.
主要成果:
- 在分类AD和控制样本方面,人工智能驱动的转录显著超过了手工转录.
- 带有增强音频的本地Wav2Vec实现了最高的精度和F1分数 (0.99).
- 基于云的Rev AI (无增强音频) 以高精度 (0.96) 领先,突出了隐私,成本和计算方面的权衡.
- 包括面试官的演讲负面影响了模型的表现.
结论:
- 当前的AI转录和NLP技术可以准确地从语音中分类AD,可能的AD和MCI.
- 一个显著的局限性是缺乏足够的训练数据,这些AI模型.
- 建议排除面试官的演讲,以提高数据质量和分类准确性.
- 这项研究为通过语言分析进行非侵入性认知障碍监测提供了基础.
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