蝙蝠细胞免疫力因年龄和饮食习惯而异,而在土地转化过程中,这种免疫力因年龄和饮食习惯而异
Isabella K DeAnglis1,2, Benjamin R Andrews1, Lauren R Lock3
1Department of Environmental Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
Conservation physiology
|January 31, 2024
概括
息地丧失对新热带蝙蝠免疫力的影响因物种而异. 随着时间的推移,细胞免疫力发生了变化,但随着土地转型,病原体感染风险并没有增加.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物健康 野生动物健康
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 由于农业扩张而导致的息地丧失和碎片化可能会危及野生动物的健康.
- 了解土地转型对新热带地区蝙蝠细胞免疫力和感染风险的影响对于保护至关重要.
- 饮食习惯可能会影响蝙蝠对环境变化和病原体暴露的反应.
研究的目的:
- 研究土地转型如何对新热带地区蝙蝠物种的细胞免疫产生差异性影响.
- 评估随着时间的推移,息地变化,免疫反应和血液传播病原体感染风险之间的关系.
- 根据蝙蝠的饮食习惯 (食血,食果,食昆虫) 来评估这些影响的变化.
主要方法:
- 在伯利兹研究了常见的吸血鬼蝙蝠 (Desmodus rotundus),北方黄肩蝙蝠 (Sturnira parvidens) 和中美洲胡须蝙蝠 (Pteronotus mesoamericanus).
- 监测细胞免疫标志物 (白细胞计数,白细胞差异,中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比例) 在三年 (2017-2019) 期间.
- 评估了巴托内拉菌种类的感染状况. 和血,与息地变化相关 (14.5%的树木覆盖减少,14.3%的牧场增加).
主要成果:
- 蝙蝠物种表现出细胞免疫力明显的年度变化,以应对息地丧失.
- 2017年至2018年间,中性粒细胞数量在S. parvidens下降,在D. rotundus增加.
- 在巴托尼拉菌种群的几率上没有显著的差异. 尽管进行了土地转型,但在蝙蝠物种之间发现了血感染.
结论:
- 新热带蝙蝠物种在不断增加的息地丧失的情况下,对细胞免疫力进行了特定于物种和时间的投资.
- 与预测相反,增加的土地转型与研究的蝙蝠种群中较高的病原体感染率无关.
- 建议对土地转型,免疫力和感染在各种蝙蝠饮食中的相互作用进行进一步的研究,以有效管理野生动物.
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