全球捕食双动物的综合研究
Alexandra Meira1, James E Byers2, Ronaldo Sousa1
1CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.
Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
|January 31, 2024
概括
这篇综述综合了52年的双捕食研究,揭示了甲类动物和鱼类是主要的捕食者. 研究强调物种特征,生物相互作用和环境影响掠食,对人口和生态系统影响的研究有限.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 无脊椎动物动物学
背景情况:
- 双动物是水生环境中至关重要的生态系统工程师和食物网组成部分.
- 捕食双动物是一种重要的生态相互作用,由于双动物的生态和商业重要性而被广泛研究.
- 以前的研究集中在两动物与捕食者的相互作用上,为了解社区动态提供了基础.
研究的目的:
- 在52年的双捕食研究中合成和分析模式.
- 为了确定占主导地位的掠食者群体,双家族,以及研究的地理分布.
- 评估物种特征,生物相互作用和环境背景对双鱼捕食的影响.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献搜索汇编了来自75个国家的1334项研究.
- 对61个双动物家族和2036种捕食动物物种的分析.
- 根据方法对研究进行分类 (例如,掠食试验,内容分析,排除实验).
主要成果:
- 甲动物 (34%) 和鱼类 (24%) 是研究最多的捕食者;海洋系统占主导地位 (86%).
- 淡水研究经常涉及非本地双动物和捕食者,与本地物种占主导地位的海洋系统不同.
- 捕食受到物种特征,生物相互作用和环境因素的影响,但对人口和生态系统影响的研究仍然有限.
结论:
- 掠食通过减少密度和招募来显著影响两动物种群.
- 双动物的掠食性行为可以通过食用层级并改变生态系统功能,尽管这些影响尚未得到充分研究.
- 未来的研究应该在全球变化的背景下解决双捕食问题,包括气候变化,酸化和生物入侵.
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