在面对极端降雪时,陆地哺乳动物的空间的差异:东亚森林的情况
Hiroto Enari1, Haruka S Enari2, Tatsuhito Sekiguchi2
1Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakabamachi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan. enari@tds1.tr.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Frontiers in zoology
|January 31, 2024
概括
极端的降雪对温带哺乳动物的影响不同. 较大,非树木物种更好地适应,而食草动物由于食物短缺而面临挑战,强调饮食和身体大小是关键的脆弱性因素.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 哺乳动物学 哺乳动物学
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在增加极端天气事件,包括大雪.
- 温带哺乳动物面临极端降雪事件的潜在脆弱性.
- 了解物种的空间利基适应对于预测应对气候变化的反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过空间的物种间比较,评估温带哺乳动物对极端降雪的脆弱性.
- 研究极端降雪事件如何影响过冬的战术和利基范围.
- 确定影响哺乳动物物种对极端气候事件的强度或脆弱性的因素.
主要方法:
- 为七种不冬眠的温带哺乳动物物种构建了利基模型.
- 进行了广泛的雪地跟踪调查 (1144公里),以收集空间数据.
- 分析了物种空间和环境因素 (如雪深和冷空气质量) 之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 大多数物种表现出较低的利基重叠,表明不同的过冬策略.
- 形态优势 (例如,机动) 并没有持续扩大利基范围.
- 极端的降雪对物种的影响不同:较大,非树木哺乳动物转移了,而较小或半树木物种没有. 草食动物经历了更大的利基限制,因为减少了食物的可获得性.
结论:
- 饮食习惯和身体大小是利基宽度冗余的关键决定因素.
- 这些因素显著影响哺乳动物物种对极端降雪事件的强度和脆弱性.
- 两种物种之间的比较显示,它们对气候引起的环境变化有不同的适应能力.
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